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 596 species

Updated October 2007

 Chances to See it
  Location
This list was compiled by Carlos Bethancourt with the help of the team of Canopy Tower and Canopy Lodge professional guides, namely: Jose Soto, Danilo Rodriguez, Tino Sanchez, Alexis Rodriguez, Josesito Perez, Moyo Rodriguez and Domi Alveo a = Abundant
c = Common
u = Uncommon
r = Rare
vr = Very rare
x = Accidental
m = Migrant
(E) = Endemic
T = Canopy Tower (Immediate Areas)
T* = Canopy Tower (Surrounding Areas)
L = Canopy Lodge (Immediate Areas)
L* = Canopy Lodge (Surrounding Areas)
W = Widespread in Central Panama
 
 
No. English Name Scientific Name Chances to See it Location
  TINAMOUS TINAMIDAE    
1 Great Tinamou Tinamus major c T
2 Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui c T/L*
  DUCKS, GEESE AND SWANS ANATIDAE    
3 Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis c W
4 Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor x L*
5 Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata r T
6 American Wigeon Anas americana m T*
7 Blue-winged Teal Anas discors m T/T*
8 Masked Duck Nomonyx dominicus r T*
  CURASSOWS, GUANS, AND CHACHALACAS CRACIDAE    
9 Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps c W
10 Crested Guan Penelope purpurascens r T*
11 Black Guan Chamaepetes unicolor r L
12 Great Curassow Crax rubra r T
  NEW WORLD QUAIL PHASIANIDAE    
13 Crested Bobwhite Colinus cristatus c L*
14 Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis r T*
15 Black-eared Wood-Quail Odontophorus melanotis r L*/T*
16 Tawny-faced Quail Rhynchortyx cinctus r T*
  GREBES      
17 Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus c T
18 Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps c T
  BOOBIES AND GANNETS       
19 Masked Booby Sula dactylatra r T*
20 Blue-footed Booby Sula nebouxii u T*
21 Brown Booby Sula leucogaster u T*/L*
  PELICANS PELECANIDAE    
22 Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis c W
  CORMORANTS PHALACROCORACIDAE    
23 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus c W
  DARTERS      
24 Anhinga Anhinga anhinga c W
  FRIGATEBIRDS FREGATIDAE    
25 Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens c W
  HERONS ARDEIDAE    
26 Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis r T
27 Rufescent Tiger Heron Tigrisoma lineatum u T
28 Fasciated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma fasciatum r T
29 Bare-throated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma mexicanum r T*
30 Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias u T/T*
31 Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi u T*
32 Great Egret Ardea alba c W
33 Snowy Egret Egretta thula c W
34 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea c W
35 Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor c T*
36 Reddish Egret Egretta rufescens x T
37 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis c W
38 Green Heron Butorides virescens c T/L
39 Striated Heron Butorides striatus c T
40 Agami Heron Agamia agami r T
41 Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus r T
42 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax u T*
43 Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violacea u T*/L*
44 Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius u T/L*
  IBISES AND SPOONBILLS      
45 White Ibis Eudocimus albus c T*/L*
46 Glossy Ibis Plegadus falcinellus u T*/L*
47 Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis r T*
48 Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja x T*/L*
  STORKS CICONIIDAE    
49 Jabiru Jabiru mycteria x T*
50 Wood Stork Mycteria americana u T/L*
  VULTURES CATHARTIDAE    
51 Black Vulture Coragyps atratus c W
52 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura c W
53 Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus u T*/L*
54 King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa u T
  HAWKS, EAGLES, AND KITES ACCIPITRIDAE    
55 Osprey Pandion haliaetus c W
56 Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis u T/L
57 Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus r T/L*
58 Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus u T/L
59 Pearl Kite Gampsonyx swainsonii u T*/L*
60 White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus c T/L*
61 Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis c T/L*
62 Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus c T/L*
63 Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis m T
64 Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea m T
65 Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus m T*/L*
66 Long-winged Harrier Circus buffoni x T*
67 Tiny Hawk Accipiter superciliosus r T/L
68 Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus vr T*
69 Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor vr L*
71 Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens u T
71 Plumbeous Hawk Leucopternis plumbea vr T*/L*
72 Barred Hawk Leucopternis princeps r L
73 Semiplumbeous Hawk Leucopternis semiplumbea u T/L*
74 White Hawk Leucopternis albicollis u T/L
75 Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus c T*/L*
76 Mangrove Black-Hawk Buteogallus subtilis u T*/L*
77 Great Black Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga u T/L
78 Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis u T*/L*
79 Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris c T/L
80 Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus m T/L
81 Gray Hawk Buteo nitidus c T/L
82 Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus c T/L
83 Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni m T
84 White-tailed Hawk Buteo albicaudatus r T*/L*
85 Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus u T/L*
86 Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis x L
87 Harpy Eagle Harpia harpyja r T
88 Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizastur melanoleucus r T/L
89 Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus c T/L
90 Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus r T/L
  FALCONS AND CARACARAS FALCONIDAE    
91 Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis u T
92 Slaty-backed Forest Falcon Micrastur mirandollei r T
93 Collared Forest-Falcon Micrastur semitorquatus u T/L*
94 Crested Caracara Caracara cheriway u T/L*
95 Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima c T/L
96 Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans r T
97 American Kestrel Falco sparverius u T/L*
98 Merlin Falco columbarius m T/L
99 Aplomado Falcon Falco Fermoralis u L*
100 Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis u T/L
101 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus m T/L*
  RAILS, GALLINULES AND COOTS      
102 White-throated Crake Laterallus albigularis c T/L
103 Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis r T*
104 Gray-necked Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea u T/L*
105 Uniform Crake Amaurolimnas concolor vr L
106 Yellow-breasted Crake Porzana carolina r T/L*
107 Sora Porzana flaviventer r T
108 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinica c T/L*
109 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus c T
110 American Coot Fulica americana u T
  FINFOOTS      
111 Sungrebe Heliornis fulica r T*
  SUNBITTERN EURYPYGIDAE    
112 Sunbittern Eurypyga helias u T/L
  LIMPKIN      
113 Limpkin Aramus guarauna r T/L*
  PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS      
114 Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis c T/L
115 Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola c T*/L*
116 American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica r T*/L*
117 Collared Plover Charadrius collaris u T*/L*
118 Wilson’s Plover Charadrius wilsonia m T*/L*
119 Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus m T*/L*
120 Killdeer Charadrius vociferus r T/L*
  OYSTERCATCHERS      
121 American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus x T*/L*
  STILTS AND AVOCETS      
122 Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus c T*/L*
  JACANAS      
123 Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana c W
  SANDPIPERS AND ALLIES SCOLOPACIDAE    
124 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia m T/L*
125 Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria m T*/L*
126 Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca m T*/L*
127 Willet tringa semipalmata c T*/L*
128 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes c T*/L*
129 Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda r T*
130 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus c T/L*
131 Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus m T*
132 Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa u T*
133 Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres u T*
134 Surfbird Aphriza virgata r T*
135 Red Knot Calidris canutus m T*
136 Sanderling Calidris alba m T*/L*
137 Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla c T*/L*
138 Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri c T*/L*
139 Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla m T*/L*
140 Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos m T*/L*
141 Dunlin Calidris Alpina x T*/L*
142 Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus m T*
143 Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus c T*/L*
144 Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus m T*
145 Wilson’s Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor m T*
146 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus m T*
  GULLS, TERNS AND ALLIES      
147 Laughing Gull Larus atricilla c T*/L*
148 Franklin’s Gull Larus pipixcan u T*/L*
149 Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis r T*
150 Herring Gull Larus argentatus m T*
151 Brown Noddy Anous stolidus r T*
152 Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus r T*/L*
153 Least Tern Sternula antillarum c T*
154 Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica r T*
155 Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia m T*
156 Black Tern Chlidonias niger u T*/L*
157 Common Tern Sterna hirundo u T*
158 Royal Tern Thalasseus maximus r T/T*
159 Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis u T*
160 Elegant Tern Thalasseus elegans m T*/L*
161 Black Skimmer Rynchops niger r T*
  PIGEONS AND DOVES COLUMBIDAE    
162 Rock Pigeon Columba livia u T/L
163 Pale-vented Pigeon Columba cayennensis u T/L*
164 Scaled Pigeon Columba speciosa a T/L
165 Short-billed Pigeon Columba nigrirostris u T
166 Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura u L*
167 Plain-breasted Ground-Dove Columbina minuta u T*/L*
168 Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti a W
169 Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa u T/L*
170 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi c W
171 Gray-chested Dove Leptotila cassinii c T/L
172 Olive-backed Quail-Dove Geotrygon veraguensis r T*
173 Purplish-backed Quail-Dove Geotrygon lawrencii r L
174 Violaceous Quail-Dove Geotrygon violacea r T*
175 Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana r T
  PARROTS PSITTACIDAE    
176 Brown-throated Parakeet Aratinga pertinax u L*
177 Orange-chinned Parakeet Brotogeris jugularis a W
178 Blue-fronted Parrotlet Touit dilectissimus vr T*/L*
179 Brown-hooded Parrot Pionopsitta haematotis u T/L
180 Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus c T/L
181 Red-lored Parrot Amazona autumnalis c T
182 Mealy Amazon Amazona farinosa c T
183 Yellow-crowned Parrot Amazona ochrocephala u T*/L*
  CUCKOOS CUCULIDAE    
184 Little Cuckoo Coccycua minuta m T*
185 Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana m T/L
186 Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus m T/L
187 Mangrove Cuckoo Coccyzus minor c T
188 Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus r T*/L
189 Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia u T*/L
190 Pheasant Cuckoo Dromococcyx phasianellus r T
191 Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo Neomorphus geoffroyi vr T/L
192 Greater Ani Crotophaga major c T
193 Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani c T/L
194 Groove-billed Ani Crotophaga sulcirostris c L*
  BARN OWLS      
195 Barn Owl Tyto alba u T*
  TYPICAL OWLS STRIGIDAE    
196 Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba u T/L
197 Vermiculated Screech-Owl Otus guatemalae r ?
198 Choco Screech-Owl Megascops chocoensis u T
199 Crested Owl Lophostrix cristata r T/L
200 Spectacled Owl Pulsatrix perspicillata u T
201 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum u L*
202 Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata u T/L
203 Black and White Owl Ciccaba nigrolineata r T
204 Striped Owl Pseudoscops clamator r T
  NIGHTJARS CAPRIMULGIDAE    
205 Short-tailed Nighthawk Lurocalis semitorquatus r T
206 Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis c T
207 Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor u T
208 Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis c T/L
209 Chuck-will’s-widow Caprimulgus carolinensis r T
210 Rufous Nightjar Caprimulgus rufus r T
211 White-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus cayennensis r T*
  POTOOS NYCTIBIIDAE    
212 Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis u T
213 Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus u T/L
  OILBIRD      
214 Oilbird Steatornis caripensis vr T
  SWIFTS APODIDAE    
215 Black Swift* Cypseloides niger x T
216 White-chinned Swift Cypseloides cryptus x T
217 Chestnut-collared Swift Streptoprocne rutila r L*
218 White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris u T/L
219 Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica m T
220 Vaux’s Swift Chaetura vauxi m T
221 Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura c T
22 Band-rumped Swift Chaetura spinicauda c T/L*
223 Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis c T
  HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE    
224 Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsuta u T/L
225 Band-tailed Barbthroat Threnetes ruckeri u T/L*
226 Green Hermit Phaethornis guy c T*/L
227 Long-billed Hermit Phaethornis longirostris c T
228 Pale-bellied Hermit Phaethornis anthophilus r T*
229 Stripe-throated Hermit Phaethornis striigularis c T/L
230 White-tipped Sicklebill Eutoxeres aquila r T*/L
231 Scaly-breasted Hummingbird Phaeochroa cuvierii u T*/L*
232 Violet Sabrewing Campylopterus hemileucurus r L*
233 White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora c T/L
234 Brown Violet-ear Colibri delphinae r L*
235 Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis u T/L
236 Veraguan Mango (E) Anthracothorax veraguensis r L*
237 Violet-headed Hummingbird Klais guimeti c T*/L
238 Rufous-crested Coquette Lophornis delattrei u T*/L*
239 Green Thorntail Discosura conversii r T/L
240 Garden Emerald Chlorostilbon assimilis c L
241 Violet-crowned Woodnymph Thalurania colombica c T*/L
242 Violet-bellied Hummingbird Damophila julie c T/L
243 Sapphire-throated Hummingbird Lepidopyga coeruleogularis c T*/L*
244 Blue-throated Goldentail Hylocharis eliciae r L
245 Violet-capped Hummingbird Goldmania violiceps r T*
246 Blue-chested Hummingbird Amazilia amabilis c T/L
247 Snowy-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia edward c T/L
248 Rufous-tailed Hummingbird Amazilia tzacatl c W
249 White-tailed Emerald Elvira chionura u L
250 Snowcap Microchera albocoronata u L
251 White-vented Plumeleteer Chalybura buffoni c T/L
252 Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer Chalybura urochrysia u T*/L
253 Purple-throated Mountain-gem Lampornis calolaemus r L*
254 Green-crowned Brilliant Heliodoxa jacula u L*
255 Purple-crowned Fairy Heliothryx barroti u T/L
256 Long-billed Starthroat Heliomaster longirostris u L
257 Magenta-throated Woodstar Calliphlox bryantae x L
  TROGONS TROGONIDAE    
258 White-tailed Trogon Trogon viridis c T
259 Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus c T/L
260 Orange-bellied Trogon Trogon aurantiiventris u L
261 Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus c T/L
262 Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus u T
263 Slaty-tailed Trogon Trogon massena c T/L
  MOTMOTS MOMOTIDAE    
264 Tody Motmot Hylomanes momotula u L
265 Blue-crowned Motmot Momotus momota c T/L
266 Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii c T/L
267 Broad-billed Motmot Electron platyrhynchum c T/L
  KINGFISHERS ALCEDINIDAE    
268 Ringed Kingfisher Ceryle torquata c T/L
269 Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon m T
270 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona c T/L
271 Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana c T/L
272 Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda r T
273 American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea u T
  PUFFBIRDS BUCCONIDAE    
274 Barred Puffbird Nystalys radiatus x T
275 White-necked Puffbird Notharchus macrorhynchus u T
276 Black-breasted Puffbird Notharchus pectoralis u T
277 Pied Puffbird Notharchus tectus u T
278 White-whiskered Puffbird Malacoptila panamensis u T/L
  JACAMARS GALBULIDAE    
279 Great Jacamar Jacamerops aurea r T
  BARBETS AND TOUCANS RAMPHASTIDAE    
280 Spot-crowned Barbet Capito maculicoronatus u L/T*
281 Prong-billed Barbet Semnormis frantzii x L*
282 Blue-throated (Emerald) Toucanet Aulacorhynchus caeruleogularis c L
283 Collared Aracari Pteroglossus torquatus c W
284 Yellow-eared Toucanet Selenidera spectabilis r T*/L*
285 Keel-billed Toucan Ramphastos sulfuratus c W
286 Chestnut-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos swainsonii c T/L*
  WOODPECKERS PICIDAE    
287 Olivaceous Piculet Picumnus olivaceus r T
288 Black-cheeked Woodpecker Melanerpes pucherani c T/L*
289 Red-crowned Woodpecker Melanerpes rubricapillus a W
290 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius m T/L
291 Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker (E) Piculus callopterus r T*
292 Cinnamon Woodpecker Celeus loricatus c T
293 Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus c T/L
294 Crimson-bellied Woodpecker Campephilus haematogaster vr T*
295 Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos c T/L*
  OVENBIRDS AND ALLIES FURNARIIDAE    
296 Pale-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albescens u T*
297 Slaty Spinetail Synallaxis brachyura r T*
298 Red-faced Spinetail Cranioleuca erythrops u L
299 Spotted Barbtail Premnoplex brunnescens u L
300 Slaty-winged Foliage-gleaner Philydor fuscipenne r T*
301 Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner Automolus ochrolaemus r T/L
302 Plain Xenops Xenops minutus c T/L
303 Tawny-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus mexicanus u T
304 Scaly-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus guatemalensis u T/L
  WOODCREEPERS DENDROCOLAPTIDAE    
305 Plain-brown Woodcreeper Dendrocincla fuliginosa c T/L
306 Ruddy Woodcreeper Dendrocincla homochroa r T/L
307 Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus u T/L
308 Long-tailed Woodcreeper Deconychura longicauda r T
309 Wedge-billed Woodcreeper Glyphorynchus spirurus u T/L
310 Northern Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae u T/L
311 Straight-billed Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus picus u T*/L*
312 Buff-throated (Cocoa) Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus guttatus a W
313 Black-striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus u T
314 Spotted Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus erythropygius c L
315 Streak-headed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes souleyetii u T
316 Brown-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus pusillus r L*
  ANTBIRDS FORMICARIIDAE    
317 Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus c T/L
318 Great Antshrike Taraba major u T/L
319 Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus c T/L
320 Western Slaty-Antshrike Thamnophilus atrinucha c W
321 Russet Antshrike Thamnistes anabatinus u T/L
322 Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis c L
323 Spot-crowned Antvireo Dysithamnus puncticeps u T/L
324 Moustached Antwren Myrmotherula ignota u T
325 Pacific Antwren Myrmotherula pacifica r T*
326 Checker-throated Antwren Myrmotherula fulviventris c T/L
327 White-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula axillaris c T/L*
328 Slaty Antwren Myrmotherula schisticolor r L
329 Dot-winged Antwren Microrhopias quixensis c T/L
330 Dusky Antbird Cercomacra tyrannina c T/L
331 Jet Antbird Cercomacra nigricans u T
332 Bare-crowned Antbird Gymnocichla nudiceps r T*
333 White-bellied Antbird Myrmeciza longipes c T/L
334 Chestnut-backed Antbird Myrmeciza exsul c T/L
335 Dull-mantled Antbird Myrmeciza laemosticta u L
336 Spotted Antbird Hylophylax naevioides c T/L
337 Wing-banded Antbird Myrmornis torquata vr T
338 Bicolored Antbird Gymnopithys leucaspis u T/L
339 Ocellated Antbird Phaenostictus mcleannani u T/L
  ANTTHRUSHES AND ANTPITTAS      
340 Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis c T/L
341 Black-headed Antthrush Formicarius nigricapillus r L
342 Black-crowned Antpitta Pittasoma michleri r T*/L*
343 Scaled Antpitta Grallaria guatimalensis r L
344 Streak-chested Antpitta Hylopezus perspicillatus u T/L*
  TYRANT-FLYCATCHERS TYRANNIDAE    
345 Brown-capped Tyrannulet Ornithion brunneicapillum c T/L
346 Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum u T/L
347 Mouse-colored Tyrannulet Phaeomyias murina c T*/L*
348 Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola c T/L
349 Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet Tyrannulus elatus c T/L
350 Forest Elaenia Myiopagis gaimardii u T
351 Gray Elaenia Myiopagis caniceps u T
352 Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata c T
353 Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster u T/L
354 Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis c T/L
355 Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionectes olivaceus u T*/L
356 Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleaginea u T/L
357 Sepia-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon amaurocephalus u T/L
358 Slaty-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon superciliaris u L*
359 Yellow-green Tyrannulet (E) Phylloscartes flavovirens r T
360 Rufous-browed Tyrannulet Phylloscartes superciliaris c L*
361 Paltry Tyrannulet Zimmerius vilissimus u T/L
362 Northern Scrub-Flycatcher Sublegatus arenarum u T*/L*
363 Black-capped Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis atricapillus c T
364 Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus pileatus u T*/L
365 Pale-eyed Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus pilaris c T/L*
366 Southern Bentbill Oncostoma olivaceum r T
367 Slate-headed Tody-Tyrant Poecilotriccus sylvia c T
368 Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum u T/L
369 Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum nigriceps u T/L
370 Brownish Flycatcher (Twistwing) Cnipodectes subbrunneus u T
371 Eye-ringed Flatbill Rhynchocyclus brevirostris c L
372 Olivaceous Flatbill Rhynchocyclus olivaceus u T/L
373 Yellow-olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens c T/L
374 Yellow-margined Flycatcher Tolmomyias assimilis u T/L
375 White-throated Spadebill Platyrinchus mystaceus u L
376 Golden-crowned Spadebill Platyrinchus coronatus r T/L
377 Royal Flycatcher Onychorhynchus coronatus c T/L
378 Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher Terenotriccus erythrurus u T/L
379 Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher Myiobius sulphureipygius r T/L
380 Black-tailed Flycatcher Myiobius atricaudus u T/L
381 Bran-colored Flycatcher Myiophobus fasciatus c T/L
382 Tufted Flycatcher Mitrephanes phaeocercus m L*
383 Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi m T/L
384 Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus m T/L
385 Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens m T/L
386 Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus u T/L
387 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris m ?
388 Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens m T/L
389 Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum m ?
390 Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii m T*
391 Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans u T*/L*
392 Pied Water-Tyrant Fluvicola pica u T*
393 Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus u T*/L*
394 Cattle Tyran Machetornis rixosa r T*
395 Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus c T/L
396 Sirystes Sirystes sibilator vr T
397 Rufous Mourner Rhytipterna holerythra u T/L
398 Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer c T/L
399 Panama Flycatcher Myiarchus panamensis c T/L
400 Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus m T/L
401 Lesser Kiskadee Pitangus lector c T/L*
402 Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus c W
403 Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua c T/L
404 Rusty-margined Flycatcher Myiozetetes cayanensis c T/L*
405 Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis a W
406 Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis u T*/L*
407 White-ringed Flycatcher Conopias albovittatus r T
408 Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus c T/L*
409 Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris m T/L
410 Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius m T/L
411 Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus a W
412 Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus m T/L
413 Gray Kingbird Tyrannus dominicensis m T
414 Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana c T/L*
    INCERTAE SEDIS    
415 Sapayoa Sapayoa aenigma vr T
416 Thrush-Like Schiffornis Schiffornis turdina u T/L
417 Rufous Piha Lipaugus unirufus u T
418 Speckled Mourner Laniocera rufescens r T
419 Cinnamon Becard Pachyramphus c. cinnamomeus u T/L
420 White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus u T/L
421 Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata c T/L
422 Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor u T
  COTINGAS COTINGIDAE    
423 Blue Cotinga Cotinga nattererii u T
424 Purple-throated Fruitcrow Querula purpurata c T
  MANAKINS PIPRIDAE    
425 Golden-collared Manakin Manacus vitellinus c T/L
426 White-ruffed Manakin Corapipo altera c T*/L
427 Lance-tailed Manakin Chiroxiphia lanceolata u T/L
428 Blue-crowned Manakin Pipra coronata c T/L
429 Red-capped Manakin Pipra mentalis c T/L
  VIREOS VIREONIDAE    
430 Yellow-throated Vireo Vireo flavifrons m T/L
431 Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus m T/L*
432 Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus m T/L
433 Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis m T/L
434 Black-whiskered Vireo Vireo altiloquus m T
435 Scrub Greenlet Hylophilus flavipes c T/L
436 Tawny-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus ochraceiceps r T
437 Golden-fronted Greenlet Hylophilus aurantiifrons c T/L
438 Lesser Greenlet Hylophilus decurtatus c T/L
439 Green Shrike-Vireo Vireolanius pulchellus c T/L*
440 Rufous-browed Peppershrike Cyclarhis gujanensis u T*/L*
  JAYS AND CROWS CORVIDAE    
441 Black-chested Jay Cyanocorax affinis c T/L
  SWALLOWS HIRUNDINIDAE    
442 Purple Martin Progne subis m T/L
443 Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea c W
444 Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera m T
445 Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor m L
446 Mangrove Swallow Tachycineta albilinea c T/L*
447 Blue and White Swallow Notiochelindon c. cyanoleuca u T*/L
448 White-thighed Swallow Neochelidon tibialis r L
449 Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis m T
450 Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis c T/L
451 Bank Swallow (Sand Martin)  aria riparia m T/L*
452 Cliff Swallow Hirundo pyrrhonota m T/L*
453 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica m T/L
  WRENS TROGLODYTIDAE    
454 White-headed Wren Campylorhynchus albobrunneus u T*
455 Black-bellied Wren Thryothorus fasciatoventris c T
456 Bay Wren Thryothorus nigricapillus c T/L
457 Rufous-breasted Wren Thryothorus rutilus c T/L
458 Rufous-and-white Wren Thryothorus rufalbus u T/L
459 Buff-breasted Wren Thryothorus leucotis c T
460 Plain Wren Thryothorus modestus c T/L
461 House Wren Troglodytes aedon c T/L
462 Ochraceous Wren Troglodytes ochraceus u L
463 White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta c T/L
464 Gray-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucophrys c T*/L
465 Scaly-breasted Wren Microcerculus marginatus u T/L
466 Song Wren Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus u T/L*
  GNATCATCHERS SYLVIINAE    
467 Tawny-faced Gnatwren Microbates cinereiventris u T/L
468 Long-billed Gnatwren Ramphocaenus melanurus c T/L
469 Tropical Gnatcatcher Polioptila plumbea c T/L
  THRUSHES TURDINAE    
470  Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus aurantiirostris c L
471 Veery Catharus fuscescens m T/L
472 Gray-cheeked Thrush Catharus minimus m T/L
473 Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus m T/L
474 Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina m T/L
475 Pale-vented Thrush Turdus obsoletus u L
476 Clay-colored Thrush Turdus grayi c W
477 White-throated Thrush Turdus assimilis u L
  MOCKINGBIRDS AND ALLIES      
478 Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis m T
479 Tropical Mockingbird Mimus gilvus c T/L*
  PIPITS AND WAGTAILS      
480 Yellowish Pipit Anthus lutescens r T*/L*
  WAXWINGS BOMBYCILLIDAE    
481 Cedar Waxwing Bombycylla cedrorum m T/L*
  WOOD-WARBLERS PARULINAE    
482 Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora pinus m T/L
483 Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera m T/L
484 Tennessee Warbler Vermivora peregrina m T/L
485 Northern Parula Parula americana m T
486 Tropical Parula Parula pitiayumi m T
487 Yellow Warbler Dendroica petechia m T/L
488 Chestnut-sided Warbler Dendroica pensylvanica m T/L
489 Magnolia Warbler Dendroica magnolia m T/L
490 Yellow-rumped Warbler Dendroica coronata m T*/L
491 Black-throated Green Warbler Dendroica virens m L
492 Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca m T/L
493 Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor m T
494 Palm Warbler Dendroica palmarum m T*/L
495 Bay-breasted Warbler Dendroica castanea m T/L
496 Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata m T/L
497 Cerulean Warbler Dendroica cerulea m T/L
498 Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia m T/L
499 American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla m T/L
500 Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea m T/L*
501 Worm-eating Warbler Helmitheros vermivorus m T/L
502 Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapilla m T/L
503 Northern Waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis m T/L
504 Louisiana Waterthrush Seiurus motacilla m T/L
505 Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus m T/L
506 Mourning Warbler Oporornis philadelphia m T/L
507 Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas m T
508 Hooded Warbler Wilsonia citrina m T*
509 Wilson’s Warbler Wilsonia pusilla m T*
510 Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis m T/L
511 Rufous-capped Warbler Basileuterus rufifrons c T/L
512 Buff-rumped Warbler Phaeothlypis fulvicauda u T*/L
  BANANAQUITS COEREBINAE    
513 Bananaquit Coereba flaveola c T*/L
  TANAGERS THRAUPINAE    
514 Common Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus ophthalmicus c L
515 Black-and-yellow Tanager Chrysothlypis chrysomelaena u T*/L*
516 Rosy Thrush-Tanager Rhodinocichla rosea c T/L
517 Dusky-faced Tanager Mitrospingus cassinii c T*/L
518 Olive Tanager Chlorothraupis carmioli u T
519 Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata c T/L*
520 Sulphur-rumped Tanager Heterospingus rubrifrons u T*
521 White-shouldered Tanager Tachyphonus luctuosus c T/L
522 Tawny-crested Tanager Tachyphonus delatrii c L
523 White-lined Tanager Tachyphonus rufus c T/L
524 Red-crowned Ant-Tanager Habia rubica c T*/L
525 Red-throated Ant-Tanager Habia fuscicauda c T/L
526 Hepatic Tanager Piranga flava u T*/L
527 Summer Tanager Piranga rubra m T/L
528 Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea m T/L
529 Western Tanager Piranga ludoviciana m L
530 Crimson-backed Tanager Ramphocelus dimidiatus c T/L
531 Flame (Lemon) -rumped Tanager Ramphocelus flammigerus c T/L
532 Blue-gray Tanager Thraupis episcopus a W
533 Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum a W
534 Plain-colored Tanager Tangara inornata c T/L
535 Emerald Tanager Tangara florida u T*/L
536 Silver-throated Tanager Tangara icterocephala c L
537 Speckled Tanager Tangara guttata u T*
538 Bay-headed Tanager Tangara gyrola c T/L
539 Rufous-winged Tanager Tangara lavinia r T*
540 Golden-hooded Tanager Tangara larvata c T/L
541 Scarlet-thighed Dacnis Dacnis venusta u T*/L
542 Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana c T/L
543 Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza c T/L
544 Shining Honeycreeper Cyanerpes lucidus u T/L*
545 Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus c T/L
  BUNTINGS AND ALLIES EMBERIZINAE    
546 Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina c T/L
547 Slate-colored Seedeater Sporophila schistacea u T/L
548 Variable Seedeater Sporophila americana a W
549 Yellow-bellied Seedeater Sporophila nigricollis c T/L
550 Ruddy-breasted Seedeater Sporophila minuta u T/L*
551 Thick-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus funereus c T/L
552 Blue Seedeater Amaurospiza concolor r L
553 Yellow-faced Grassquit Tiaris olivaceus c T*/L
554 Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola u T
555 Grassland Yellow-Finch Sicalis luteola u L
556 Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch Emberizoides herbicola u L
557 Sooty-Faced Finch Lysurus crassirostris u L*
558 Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch Buarremon brunneinucha c L
559 Orange-billed Sparrow Arremon aurantiirostris c T/L
560 Black-striped Sparrow Arremonops conirostris c T/L
  CARDINALS AND ALLIES CARDINALINAE    
561 Streaked Saltator Saltator striatipectus c T/L
562 Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus c T/L
563 Black-headed Saltator Saltator atriceps u T/L
564 Slate-colored Grosbeak Saltator grossus u T/L
565 Black-faced Grosbeak Caryothraustes poliogaster u L
566 Rose-breasted Grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus m T/L
567 Blue-black Grosbeak Cyanocompsa cyanoides c T/L
568 Blue Grosbeak Passerina caerulea m T*
569 Indigo Bunting Passerina cyanea m T*/L
570 Dickcissel Spiza americana m T*/L*
  AMERICAN ORIOLES AND BLACKBIRDS ICTERINAE    
571 Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus r ?
572 Red-breasted Blackbird Sturnella militaris u T*/L*
573 Eastern Meadowlark Sturnella magna u T*/L*
574 Great-tailed Grackle Quiscalus mexicanus a W
575 Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis c T/L
576 Bronzed Cowbird Molothrus aeneus u T
577 Giant Cowbird Molothrus oryzivorus c T/L
578 Orchard Oriole Icterus spurius m T/L*
579 Yellow-backed Oriole Icterus chrysater c T/L
580 Orange-crowned Oriole Icterus auricapillus r T*
581 Yellow-tailed Oriole Icterus mesomelas u T
582 Northern Oriole (Baltimore) Icterus galbula m T/L
583 Yellow-billed Cacique Amblycercus holosericeus u T/L
584 Scarlet-rumped Cacique Cacicus uropygialis c T/L*
585 Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela c T/L*
586 Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus u T*/L*
587 Chestnut-headed Oropendola Psarocolius wagleri c T/L
588 Montezuma Oropendola Psarocolius montezuma u T*
  GOLDFINCHES AND ALLIES      
589 Yellow-crowned Euphonia Euphonia luteicapilla c T/L
590 Thick-billed Euphonia Euphonia laniirostris a W
591 Elegant Euphonia Euphonia elegantissima r L*
592 Fulvous-vented Euphonia Euphonia fulvicrissa u T
593 White-vented Euphonia Euphonia minuta u T/L*
594 Tawny-capped Euphonia Euphonia anneae u T*/L
595 Lesser Goldfinch Carduelis psaltria u T/L
  OLD WORLD SPARROW      
596 House Sparrow Passer domesticus c T*
*Black Swift -- This is the first time this species has been observed in Central Panama.
R. Ridgely saw it in February 1999